Kombinasi Trichokompos Tithonia dan Pupuk NPK dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Abstract
The development and increase of shallot production in Ultisol dry land is hampered by its relatively low fertility. Efforts that can be made are by adding organic material derived from plants such as Tithonia diversifolia (paitan/kipahit/insulin leaf) which is composted by adding trichoderma, to increase the soil's ability to hold water, increasing soil organic carbon, soil nutrient availability, and growth, and crop yields. The use of tithonia trichocompost as a soil ameliorant can not only increase soil fertility but also reduce the use of NPK fertilizer. This research aims to examine the effect of a combination of tithonia trichocompost and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallots. Research location at Teaching and Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Jambi University (35 m above sea level). The research used a Randomized Block Design with five combination treatments of tithonia trichocompost and NPK fertilizer (percentage based on recommended dose), namely: 0% tithonia trichocompost + 100% NPK; 25% tithonia trichocompost + 75% NPK; 50% tithonia trichocompost + 50% NPK; 75% tithonia trichocompost + 25% NPK; 100% tithonia trichocompost. The recommended dose used is 20 tonha-1 tithonia trichocompost and 400 kgha-1 NPK fertilizer (16:16:16). The research was repeated five times. The research results showed that various combinations of tithonia trichocompost and NPK fertilizer that were tried increased plant growth and yield, and as the percentage of tithonia trichocompost increased, plant growth and yield increased. 100% tithonia trichocompost gave the highest yield, 44.123 g per hill or 7.7 tons ha-1 (if land use efficiency was 70% with a plant spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm). Although this yield is lower than the potential yield of shallots, which is 9.5 tonha-1, the use tithonia trichocompost as a soil ameliorant can replace NPK fertilizer.
Keywords: ameliorant, organic matter, Ultisol dry land, water avaibilityKeywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abedi MS, Hoque MdA, Khokon Md.AR, and Hossain I. 2018. Efficacy of trichocompost on the growth and yield of tomato. Universal Journal of Plant Science 6(2): 15-20. DOI: 10.13189/ujps.2018.060201
Agbede, T. M., A. O. Adekiya, and E. K. Eifediyi. 2017. Impact of poultry manure and NPK fertilizer on soil physical properties and growth and yield of carrot. Journal of Horticultural Research 25(1):81-88.
Asghar W, and Kataoka R. 2021. Effect of co-application of Trichoderma spp. with organic compost on plant growth enhancement, soil enzymes and fungal community in soil. Archives of Microbiology 203:4281-4291. DOI:10.1007/s00203-21-02413-4.
Aye PA. 2016. Comparative nutritive value of Moringa oleifera, Tithonia diversifolia and Gmelina arborea leaf meals. Am. J. Food. Nutr. 6(1): 23-32. DOI:10.5251/ajfn.2016.6.1.23.32
Binasawit Makmur. 2023. Laporan Hasil Uji Pupuk Trichokompos Tithonia. Integrated Laboratory. Palembang, Sumatera Selatan.
Dayo-Olagbende GO, Akingbola OO, Afolabi GS, and Ewulo BS. 2020. Influence of tithonia diversifolia on maize (Zea mays L.) yield, fertility and infiltration status of two clay varied soils. International Annals of Scince 8(1):114-119. DOI: 10.21467/ias.8.1.114.119.
Eliyanti E, Zulkarnain Z, Ichwan B, Mairizal M, dan Yulianda S. 2023. Aplikasi
tricho-tithonia dan biourin sapi dalam menginduksi pertumbuhan dan hasil
tanaman cabai merah varietas lokal Jambi. Jurnal Media Pertanian 8(2): 124-
DOI :10.33087/jagro.v8i2.205
Enita N, Hakim, Hermansah, and Prasetyo TB. 2022. Addition of tithonia compost and lime as Ultisol soil fertility improvement for oil palm seedling media. Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment 6 (1). DOI:10.29165/ajarcde.v6i1.85
Feil, SB, Pii Y, Valentinuzzi F, Tiziani R, Mimmo T, and Cesco S. 2020. Copper toxicity affects phosphorus uptake mechanisms at molecular and physiological levels in Cucumis sativus plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 157,138–147.
Juliarti S. 2008. The effect of giving Zn and P on growth citrus seeds Japanese citroen varieties on Inceptisol soil. J. Hort. 18(4), 409-419.
Karim HA, Nurlaeli N, dan Yamin M. 2021. Pembuatan trichokompos dari limbah jerami. Jurnal Sipissangngi 1(2): 26-30
Kementrian Pertanian 2023. Outlook Bawang Merah. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian. Kementrian Pertanian. 62 hal.
Kranz, C, McLaughlin R, Johnson A, Miller G, and Heitman J. 2020. The effects of compost incorporation on soil physical properties in urban soils - A concise review. Journal of Environmental Management, 261, 110209. DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110209.
Krestini, E.H., A. Susilawati, and C. Hermanto. 2020. Effect of NPK fertilizer and microbial consortium to growth and production of garlic (Allium sativum L.). BIO Web of Conferences 20,03010.
Lestari, SA. 2016. Pemanfaatan Paitan (Tithonia diversifolia) sebagai Pupuk Organik pada Tanaman Kedelai. Iptek Tanaman Pangan 11(1): 49-56.
Liu L, Yuansong Xu, Hailu Cao, Ya Fan, Kan Du, Xun Bu, Demin Gao. 2022. Effects of Trichoderma harzianum biofertilizer on growth, yield, and quality of Bupleurum chinense. American Society of Plant Biologists. Original Research: 1-13. DOI: 10.1002/pld3.461
Luo L, Zhang P, Ou X, Geng Y. 2016. Development of EST-SSR Markers for Invansive Plant Tithonia diversifolia (Asteraceae). Application in Plant Sciences 4(7): 1600011. DOI: 10.3732/apps.1600011
Matin MA, Islam MN, Muhammad N, and Rahman MH. 2019. Impact of Trichoderma Enhanced Composting Technology in Improving Soil Productivity. Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 4(3):1-19. DOI: 10.9734/AJSSPN/2019/v4i330046
Nasir, RA, Syam’un E, and Mantja K. 2023. Growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) applied by Trichoderma harzianum fungus Tithonia diversifolia compost. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1230, 012197 DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/1230/1/012197.
Omolola, OL, Olugbemi PW, Salako YA, Mukhtar RO, and Abdulazeez SA. 2022. Outcome of compost made from tithonia diversifolia, poultry manure and cowdung on growth and fruit yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus l. Moench). International Journal of Innovation Scientific Research and Review 04 (7), 3048-3052.
Setyowati N, Sudjatmiko S, Muktamar Z, Fahrurrozi F, Chozin M, and Simatupang P. 2018. Growth and yield responses of cauliflower on tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) compost under organic farming practices. International Journal of Agricultural Technology 14(7): 1905-1914
Siregar L, and Nuraini Y. 2021. Pengaruh kualitas kompos paitan (Tithonia diversifolia) dan kotoran sapi terhadap hasil dan bintil akar tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L.) pada Afisol. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8(1):249-258. DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.1.28
Sultana M, Jahiruddin M, Islam M, Rahman MM, Abedin M, Solaiman Z. 2021. Nutrient enriched municipal soild waste compost increases yield, nutrient conten, and balance in rice. Sustainability 13,1047. DOI: 10.3390/su/13031047
Tarigan, Y, Fauzi, and Sabrina T. 2021. The Impact of compost dose and SP36 fertilizer application on soil chemical properties and growth of corn plants (Zea mays L.) in Ultisol Soils. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi 9(1):19-24. DOI: 10.32734/jaet.v9i1.6531
Turmudi E, Setyowati N, and Hutabarat RS. 2019. Effect of tithonia compost (Tithonia diversifolia) and phosphorus on the growth and yield of peanuts. Akta Agrosia 22(2):70-76.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jagro.v9i2.246
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Media Pertanian Published by Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Batanghari |
