Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) Akibat Pemberian Asam Humat dan Pupuk NPK pada Tanah Regosol

Muhammad Ilyasa Nur Fatikha, Endang Purbanjanti, Susilo Budiyanto

Abstract


Chili Pepper is an important crop with high production and consumption rate, and the value is still increasing every year. The sub-optimum lands unavoidably need to be used to extent crop production. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect and interaction of humic acid and NPK fertilizer doses on growth and production of chilli pepper plants in sandy soils. The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors. The first factor is humic acid dose treatment which consists of 5 levels, without humic acid or 0 g/polybag (H0), 0.1 g/polybag (H1), 0.2 g/polybag (H2), 0.3 g/polybag (H3) and 0.4 g/polybag (H4). The second factor is the dose of NPK fertilizer which consists of 3 levels, 100% recommended dose (P1), 75% recommended dose (P2) and 50% recommended dose (P3). The results showed that the application of humic acid and NPK fertilizer had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, number of harvested fruit per plant, and fruit fresh weight per plant. Humic acid and NPK fertilizer increased the number of productive branches with the best results being humic acid treatment at a dose of 0.3 g/polybag (H3) with 75% recommended dose of NPK. The day to harvest parameter was best indicated by the treatment with the 50% recommended dose of NPK. Independently treatment with humic acid dose of 0.3 g/polybag (H3) and treatment with 100% recommended dose of NPK each gave the best results on the parameter of the number of unharvested fruit.

Keywords


capcicum; humic subtance; inorganic fertilizers; sandy soils.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Akladious, S. A., & Mohamed, H. I. (2018). Ameliorative effects of calcium nitrate and humic acid on the growth, yield component and biochemical attribute of pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants grown under salt stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 236(March), 244–250. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.03.047

Alenazi, M. M., & Khandaker, M. M. (2021). Responses of tomato hybrid cultivars to soil application of humic acid under greenhouse conditions. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 84, 1–11. doi:10.1590/1519-6984.252573

Ali, A., Rehman, S. U., Raza, S., & Allah, S. U. (2014). Combined Effect of Humic Acid and NPK on Growth and Flower Development of Tulipa gesneriana in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Journal of Ornamental Plants, 4(4), 39–48.

Ali, T. B., & Ali, A. A. (2013). Response of sweet pepper plants to organic manure and potassium humate. Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor, 51(1), 35–44. doi:10.21608/assjm.2013.117371

Ali, U., Ashfaq, M., Shafiq, M., Ali, M., Shaheen, S., Mubashar, B., … Ali, U. (2020). Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth and Yield Attributes of Chili ( Capsicum Annuum L . ), 17(4), 731–738.

Al-Jaf, H. I., Raheem, S. M., & Tofiq, G. K. 2018. Growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Corato) as affected by humic acid application. J. Plant Production, 9(9): 739 - 741.

Al-Omran, A.M., Falatah, A.M., Sheta, A.S. and Al-Harbi, A.R. 2004. Clay deposits for water management of sandy soils. Arid Land Research and Management, 1, 171-183

Aman, S., & Rab, A. (2013). Response of tomato to nitrogen levels with or without humic acid. Sarhad J. Agric, 29(2), 181–187.

Azcona, I., Pascual, I., Aguirreolea, J., Fuentes, M., Garcia-Mina, J. maria, & Sanchez-Diaz, M. (2011). Growth and development of pepper are affected by humic substances derived from composted sludge. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 174(6), 916–924. doi:10.1002/jpln.201000264

Canellas, L. P., Canellas, N. O. A., Luiz Eduardo, L. E. S., Olivares, F. L., & Piccolo, A. (2020). Plant chemical priming by humic acids. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 7(1), 1–17. doi:10.1186/s40538-020-00178-4

Ciarkowska, K., Solek-Podwika, K., Filipek-Mazur, B., & Tabak, M. (2017). Comparative effects of lignite-derived humic acids and FYM on soil properties and vegetable yield. Geoderma, 303(August 2016), 85–92. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.05.022

Cimrin, K. M., Turkmen, O., Turan, M., & Tuncer, B. (2010). Phosphorus and humic acid application alleviate salinity stress of pepper seedling. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(36), 5845–5851.

Dawood, M. G., Abdel-Baky, Y. R., El-Awadi, M. E.-S., & Bakhoum, G. S. (2019). Enhancement quality and quantity of faba bean plants grown under sandy soil conditions by nicotinamide and/or humic acid application. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 43(1). doi:10.1186/s42269-019-0067-0

Dehsheikh, A. B., Mahmoodi Sourestani, M., Zolfaghari, M., & Enayatizamir, N. (2020). Changes in soil microbial activity, essential oil quantity, and quality of Thai basil as response to biofertilizers and humic acid. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256, 120439. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120439

Djufry, F., Nurhanani, & Ramlan. (2014). Efektivitas pupuk majemuk dan asam humat pada budidaya kentang di Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan. J. Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Tek. Pert., 17(2): 115–124.

El-Basir, E. A.A. & Swelam, W. M. E. 2017. Efficiency of using some soil supplements on sweet pepper productivity under delta region conditions. J. Plant Production, 8 (11): 1153 - 1158.

El-Hamady, M. M., Baddour, A. G., Sobh, M. M., Hatem, M., & Manaf, H. H. (2017). Influence of mineral fertilization in combination with k-humate , amino acids and sodium selenite on ... Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 6(2), 433–447.

Eldardiry, E. I., Sabreen, K., & Abd El Hady, M. (2012). Improving soil properties, maize yield components grown in sandy soil under irrigation testaments and humic acid application. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 6(7), 587–593.

Ermawati, Dedi, T. O., & Ernita, M. (2021). Respon pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) pada pupuk hayati dan NPK majemuk. Jurnal Embrio (13), 1–26.

Haghighi, M., Kafi, M. & Fang, P. 2012. Photosynthetic activity and N metabolism of lettuce as affected by humic acid. Int. J. Vegetable Science, 18 (2): 182–189.

Hermanto, D., N. K. T. Dharmayani, R. Kurnianingsih, S. R. K. (2013). Pengaruh asam humat sebagai pelengkap pupuk terhadap ketersediaan dan pengambilan nutrien pada tanaman jagung di lahan kering Kec.Bayan-NTB. J. Ilmu Pertanian, 16(2), 28–41. doi:10.1016/s0166-2481(08)70257-5

Huang, J., & Hartemink, A. E. (2020). Soil and environmental issues in sandy soils. Earth-Science Reviews, 208(June), 103295. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103295

Ibrahim, A., Abdel-Razzak, H., Wahb-Allah, M., Alenazi, M., Alsadon, A., & Dewir, Y. H. (2019). Improvement in growth, yield, and fruit quality of three red sweet pepper cultivars by foliar application of humic and salicylic acids. HortTechnology, 29(2), 170–178. doi:10.21273/HORTTECH04263-18

Jan, J. A., Nabi, G., Khan, M., Ahmad, S., Shah, P. S., Hussain, S., & Sehrish, S. (2020). Foliar application of humic acid improves growth and yield of chilli (Capsicum annum L.) Varieties. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 33(3). doi:10.17582/journal.pjar/2020/33.3.461.472

Karakurt, Y., Unlu, H., Unlu, H., & Padem, H. (2009). The influence of foliar and soil fertilization of humic acid on yield and quality of pepper. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B: Soil and Plant Science, 59(3), 233–237. doi:10.1080/09064710802022952

Kasar, S. D., Jagtap, P. B., Kolape, S. S., Nimbalkar, C. A., & Gaikwad, S. P. 2015. Effect of application of humic acid and FYM on nutrient uptake, yield and quality of chilli. Journal of Maharashtra Agricultural Universities, 35(2), 187-194.

[Kementan] Kementrian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. 2020. Data Lima Tahun Terakhir: Sub-Sektor Hortikultura. https://www.pertanian.go.id/home/?show=page&act=view&id=61 [23 April 2020]

Kumar, D., Singh, A. P., Raha, P., Rakshit, A., Singh, C. M., & Kishor, P. (2013). Potassium humate: a potential soil conditioner and plant growth promoter. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology, 6(3), 441–446. doi:10.5958/j.2230-732x.6.3.015

Maruli, Ernita, & Gultom, H. (2012). Pengaruh pemberian NPK grower dan kompos terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabe rawit ( Capsicum frutescent L ). Dinamika Pertanian, XXVII(3), 149–156.

Mindari, W., Sassongko, P. E., & Syekhfani. (2022). Asam Humat sebagai Amelioran dan Pupuk. UPN Veteran Jawa Timur, Surabaya.

Morsy, E. M., El-Batanony, N. H., & Massoud, O. N. (2014). Improvement of soybean growth and productivity by inoculation with two yeast species in new reclaimed sandy soil amended with humic acid. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 8(46): 3794-3803

Mosa, A., Taha, A., & Elsaeid, M. (2020). Agro-environmental applications of humic substances: A critical review. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, 60(3), 211–229. doi:10.21608/ejss.2020.27425.1351

Nardi, S., Schiavon, M. & Francioso, O. 2021. Chemical structure and biological activity of humic substances define their role as plant growth promoters. Molecules, 26(8): 2256. doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082256

Olk, D. C., Dinnes, D. L., Rene Scoresby, J., Callaway, C. R., & Darlington, J. W. (2018). Humic products in agriculture: potential benefits and research challenges—a review. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 18(8), 2881–2891. doi:10.1007/s11368-018-1916-4

Osman, A. S., & Rady, M. M. (2012). Ameliorative effects of sulphur and humic acid on the growth, antioxidant levels, and yields of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants grown in reclaimed saline soil. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 87(6), 626–632. doi:10.1080/14620316.2012.11512922

Rasheed, S. M. S., Abdullah, H. M., & Ali, S. T. (2017). Response of two hybrids of tomato (Lycupersicun esculentum Mill) to four concentration of humic acid fertilizers in plastic house condition. Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 17(1), 1–12.

Rini, E. P., & Sugiyanta, S. (2022). Aplikasi senyawa humat untuk perbaikan kualitas tanah dan peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman cabai. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 24(1), 49–54. doi:10.31186/jipi.24.1.49-54

Rochayati, S. dan Dariah, A. (2012). Prospek Pertanian Lahan Kering Dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, IAARD Press, Jakarta.

Shafeek, M. R., Helmy, Y. I., Omer, M., & Rizk, F. A. (2013). Effect of foliar fertilizer with nutritional compound and humic acid on growth and yield of broad bean plants under sandy soil conditions. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 9(6), 3674–3680.

Shehata, S. A., Saad, M. E., Saleh, M.A. & Atala, S. A. (2019). Effect of some biostimulants materials on growth, yield, quality and storability of sweet pepper. Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor, 57(1), 77–88. doi:10.21608/assjm.2019.42210

Sumarni, N. dan Muharam, A. (2005). Budidaya Tanaman Cabai Merah. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Bandung.

Suntari, R., Retnowati, R., Soemarno, & Munir, M. (2015). Determination of urea-humic acid dosage of vertisols on the growth and production of rice. Agrivita, 37(2), 185–192. doi:10.17503/Agrivita-2015-37-2-p185-192

Suryani, R. (2018). Outlook Cabai: Komoditas Pertanian Subsektor Hortikultura. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta.

Suryani, R. (2019). Outlook Cabai: Komoditas Pertanian Subsektor Hortikultura. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta.

Suwahyono, U. (2011). Prospek teknologi remediasi lahan kritis dengan asam humat (humic acid). J. Teknik Lingkungan, 12 (1), 55-65.

Wahyuningsih, W., Proklamasiningsih, E., & Dwiati, M. (2016). Serapan fosfor dan pertumbuhan kedelai (Glycine max) pada tanah ultisol dengan pemberian asam humat. Biosfera, 33(2), 66–70. doi:10.20884/1.mib.2016.33.2.345

Widiwurjani, Makhziah, & Kusumaningtyas, D. P. (2021). Testing of humic layer NPK fertilizer to production of chili rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia, 6(2), 58–64. doi:10.32503/hijau.v6i2.1986

Widyanti, A. S., & D. Susila, A. (2015). Rekomendasi pemupukan kalium pada budi daya cabai merah besar (Capscicum annuum L.) di inceptisols dramaga. Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 6(2), 65-74. doi:10.29244/jhi.6.2.65-74

Zhou, L., Monreal, C. M., Xu, S., McLaughlin, N. B., Zhang, H., Hao, G., & Liu, J. (2019). Effect of bentonite-humic acid application on the improvement of soil structure and maize yield in a sandy soil of a semi-arid region. Geoderma, 338(November 2018), 269–280. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.12.014




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jagro.v11i2.216

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Media Pertanian Published by Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Batanghari
Adress: Fakultas Pertanian, Jl.Slamet Ryadi, Broni-Jambi, Kec.Telanaipura, Kodepos: 36122, email: jagropubr@gmail.com, Phone: 0741-60103

Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.